{"id":5261,"date":"2025-04-28T10:30:12","date_gmt":"2025-04-28T10:30:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sismoiberica.org\/com-son-les-vibracions-dun-terratremol\/"},"modified":"2025-04-28T10:30:12","modified_gmt":"2025-04-28T10:30:12","slug":"com-son-les-vibracions-dun-terratremol","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sismoiberica.org\/es\/com-son-les-vibracions-dun-terratremol\/","title":{"rendered":"Com s\u00f3n les vibracions d&#8217;un terratr\u00e8mol?"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"5261\" class=\"elementor elementor-5261 elementor-316\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-68b2728 elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-items-middle\" data-id=\"68b2728\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2e42acf\" data-id=\"2e42acf\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c068a50 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c068a50\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Com s\u00f3n les vibracions d'un terratr\u00e8mol<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5e418b6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5e418b6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9e79260\" data-id=\"9e79260\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ef40913 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ef40913\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>La vibraci\u00f3 del terreny les causen ones el\u00e0stiques, que tamb\u00e9 anomenem ones s\u00edsmiques. La seva descripci\u00f3 i caracteritzaci\u00f3 permet entendre molt millor com s\u00f3n els terratr\u00e8mols. Quan es produeix un terratr\u00e8mol s&#8217;alliberen diversos tipus d&#8217;ones que viatgen a trav\u00e9s de les roques i que es propaguen per la superf\u00edcie, cada una a la seva velocitat.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0003893 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0003893\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Tipus d'ones s\u00edsmiques<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8f9b179 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8f9b179\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tEl moviment al llarg i ample d&#8217;una porci\u00f3 d&#8217;una falla genera una distorsi\u00f3 inicial que es propaga a trav\u00e9s de les roques i de la superf\u00edcie terrestre mitjan\u00e7ant diversos mecanismes. En un esdeveniment s\u00edsmic es produeixen 3 tipus d\u2019ones.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6dd6ccd elementor-align-start elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"6dd6ccd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-dot-circle\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">ones P (prim\u00e0ries), longitudinals i r\u00e0pides i que viatgen per tots els medis;<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-dot-circle\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">ones S (secund\u00e0ries), transversals i que nom\u00e9s es propaguen a trav\u00e9s de materials s\u00f2lids;<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-dot-circle\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">ones superficials, que es propaguen per la superf\u00edcie del terreny, s\u00f3n lentes, molt destructives i que a la vegada poden ser de dos tipus: Rayleigh i Love<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-a9bce10 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a9bce10\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-acb7726\" data-id=\"acb7726\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-046dac0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"046dac0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"836\" height=\"572\" src=\"https:\/\/sismoiberica.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/3_1_Ones_P_Ones_S.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-5307\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sismoiberica.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/3_1_Ones_P_Ones_S.jpeg 836w, https:\/\/sismoiberica.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/3_1_Ones_P_Ones_S-300x205.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/sismoiberica.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/3_1_Ones_P_Ones_S-768x525.jpeg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 836px) 100vw, 836px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-7f634fa\" data-id=\"7f634fa\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0ba682e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0ba682e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Comparaci\u00f3 de les ones P i les ones S. En les ones P, exemplificades amb l&#8217;exemple d&#8217;una molla espiral, la deformaci\u00f3 de les part\u00edcules del medi que transmet les ones (la molla) es produeix en la mateixa direcci\u00f3 de la propagaci\u00f3 de l&#8217;ona. En el cas de les ones S, exemplificades per l&#8217;ondulaci\u00f3 d&#8217;una corda, el moviment de les part\u00edcules del medi transmissor (la corda) \u00e9s perpendicular a la direcci\u00f3 de propagaci\u00f3 de l&#8217;ona. Figura modificada de de: <a href=\"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/geology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/110\/2015\/07\/image0091.png\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/geology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/110\/2015\/07\/image0091.png<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-f0af509 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f0af509\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-bafb7df\" data-id=\"bafb7df\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2718bcd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2718bcd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Deformaci\u00f3 el\u00e0stica associada a ones superficials. L&#8217;oscil\u00b7laci\u00f3 del medi \u00e9s m\u00e0xima a la superf\u00edcie i es redueix en profunditat. En el cas de les ones de tipus Rayleigh el moviment de les part\u00edcules del medi \u00e9s orbital, mentre que en el cas de les ones de tipus Love el moviment \u00e9s de vaiv\u00e9 horitzontal perpendicularment a la direcci\u00f3 de propagaci\u00f3 de l&#8217;ona. Ambdues s\u00f3n lentes i tendeixen a ser molt destructives. Figura adaptada de: <a href=\"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/geology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/110\/2015\/07\/seismic-surface.png\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/geology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/110\/2015\/07\/seismic-surface.png<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-635961f\" data-id=\"635961f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-668f0e4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"668f0e4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"792\" height=\"760\" src=\"https:\/\/sismoiberica.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/3_2_Ones_Superficials_Rayleigh_Love.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-5308\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sismoiberica.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/3_2_Ones_Superficials_Rayleigh_Love.jpeg 792w, https:\/\/sismoiberica.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/3_2_Ones_Superficials_Rayleigh_Love-300x288.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/sismoiberica.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/3_2_Ones_Superficials_Rayleigh_Love-768x737.jpeg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 792px) 100vw, 792px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f4a0837 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f4a0837\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Canvis en les ones a mesura que s'allunyen del focus<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a16025a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a16025a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Quan s&#8217;allibera de forma sobtada l&#8217;energia d&#8217;un terratr\u00e8mol, de la zona del focus en sorgeixen una barreja d&#8217;ones de diferents tipus, cadascuna amb la seva distribuci\u00f3 de freq\u00fc\u00e8ncies que s&#8217;interfereixen de forma complexa. A mesura que aquestes ones s&#8217;allunyen del focus i viatgen a trav\u00e9s de l&#8217;escor\u00e7a i superficialment es van modificant.<\/p><p>D&#8217;una banda l&#8217;amplitud i, per tant, l&#8217;energia de l&#8217;ona tendeix a redu\u00efr-se, amb la dist\u00e0ncia. Aquest \u00e9s el fen\u00f2men que anomenem atenuaci\u00f3. L&#8217;atenuaci\u00f3 es produeix degut als seg\u00fcents fen\u00f2mens.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b834e46 elementor-align-start elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"b834e46\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-dot-circle\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">p\u00e8rdues d'energia degut a la fricci\u00f3 en els materials geol\u00f2gics que transmeten l'ona.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-dot-circle\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">per una q\u00fcesti\u00f3 purament geom\u00e8trica: l'energia continguda en una ona a l'epicentre es concentra en una zona molt petita. En allunyar-se del centre, de forma aproximadament conc\u00e8ntrica, l'energia de l'ona es conserva per\u00f2 es va repartint en per\u00edmetres cada cop m\u00e9s grans. Aix\u00f2 fa que l'ona experimentada a localitats cada cop m\u00e9s allunyades rebin menys energia per unitat de superf\u00edcie (una amplitud d'ona redu\u00efda respecte a la inicial). \u00c9s el mateix que passa amb les ones que s'allunyen del punt d'impacte d'una pedra en un bassal, o l'atenuaci\u00f3 amb la dist\u00e0ncia de la llum d'una bombeta, o del so d'un petard de Sant Joan.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f25b61 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f25b61\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>D&#8217;altra banda, l&#8217;atenuaci\u00f3 no afecta a totes les ones de la mateixa manera. Les ones d&#8217;elevada freq\u00fc\u00e8ncia s&#8217;atenuen m\u00e9s r\u00e0pidament que les ones de baixa freq\u00fc\u00e8ncia. Aix\u00f2 fa que els terratr\u00e8mols amb epicentres propers al nostre punt d&#8217;observaci\u00f3 siguin proporcionalment m\u00e9s rics en freq\u00fc\u00e8ncies elevades que no pas els d&#8217;epicentres m\u00e9s llunyans. Per tant, es perceben de forma molt diferent els terratr\u00e8mols amb focus llunyans que els de focus propers no nom\u00e9s perqu\u00e8 la seva amplitud (energia) \u00e9s percep m\u00e9s baixa, sin\u00f3 tamb\u00e9 per la seva distribuci\u00f3 de freq\u00fc\u00e8ncies, que s&#8217;enriqueix gradualment amb freq\u00fc\u00e8ncies baixes a mesura que la dist\u00e0ncia creix.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8dc2446 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8dc2446\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Selecci\u00f3 de material did\u00e0ctic<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-8e2a6c3 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8e2a6c3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-8279462\" data-id=\"8279462\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-669942d elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"669942d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.earthlearningidea.com\/Video\/V22_Pupil_molecules.html\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"178\" height=\"99\" src=\"https:\/\/sismoiberica.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Imagen5-1.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-5309\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-f58d442\" data-id=\"f58d442\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4b36abb elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4b36abb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.earthlearningidea.com\/Video\/V22_Pupil_molecules.html\" target=\"_blank\">Estudiants com a mol\u00e8cules<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f8a6048 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f8a6048\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em><strong>Durada:<\/strong> 3&#8217;07\u00bb<\/em><\/p><p><em><strong>Nivell d&#8217;ensenyament:<\/strong> ESO \/ Batxillerat<\/em><\/p><p><em><strong>Llengua:<\/strong> Angl\u00e8s<\/em><\/p><p><em><strong>T\u00edtol:<\/strong> Pupil molecules<\/em><\/p><p><em><strong>Font:<\/strong> Earthlearningidea.com<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-8b32947\" data-id=\"8b32947\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-77efa80 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"77efa80\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>El video utilitza ninots de Playmobil per il\u00b7lustrar de forma molt senzilla les difer\u00e8ncies entre s\u00f2lids i l\u00edquids en la propagaci\u00f3 d&#8217;ones P i S. La mateixa analogia es pot dur a la pr\u00e0ctica amb alumnes a classe.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-1d9fcf3 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1d9fcf3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-d7c52a7\" data-id=\"d7c52a7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e57b845 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e57b845\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.earthlearningidea.com\/PDF\/77_Human_molecules.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"113\" height=\"159\" src=\"https:\/\/sismoiberica.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Imagen6.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-5310\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-8497156\" data-id=\"8497156\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7d08dc3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7d08dc3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.earthlearningidea.com\/PDF\/77_Human_molecules.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Estudiants que experimenten ones P i S amb el propi cos<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a1f290b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a1f290b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em><strong>Nivell d&#8217;ensenyament:<\/strong> ESO \/ Batxillerat<\/em><\/p><p><em><strong>Llengua:<\/strong> Angl\u00e8s<\/em><\/p><p><em><strong>T\u00edtol:<\/strong> Waves in the Earth 2 &#8211; Human Molecules<\/em><\/p><p><em>Waves in the Earth 2 &#8211; Human molecules. Pupils are pushed around to demostrate the properties or seismic waves!<\/em><\/p><p><em>Earthlearningideas<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-429d9f3\" data-id=\"429d9f3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-92a8e05 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"92a8e05\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Document (PDF) que sintetitza una activitat de 10&#8242; per dur a terme a l&#8217;aula, per tal d&#8217;il\u00b7lustrar la difer\u00e8ncia de propietats entre ones s\u00edsmiques P i S, i dels medis de propagaci\u00f3, depenent de si s\u00f3n l\u00edquids o s\u00f2lids. Es pot inserir en una sessi\u00f3 dedicada a mostrar la capacitat de les ones de diferents tipus per revelar la diferenciaci\u00f3 de l&#8217;interior de la Terra en capes de diferents propietats mec\u00e0niques.<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-5faa0cc elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5faa0cc\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-bf2c749\" data-id=\"bf2c749\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7237792 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7237792\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.earthlearningidea.com\/Video\/V22_Slinky_simulation.html\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"181\" height=\"101\" src=\"https:\/\/sismoiberica.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Imagen7.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-5311\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-69aa0b4\" data-id=\"69aa0b4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d637019 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d637019\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.earthlearningidea.com\/Video\/V22_Slinky_simulation.html\" target=\"_blank\">Ones P, S i Superficials mostrades mitjan\u00e7ant una molla<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37e6211 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"37e6211\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em><strong>Durada:<\/strong> 3&#8217;37\u00bb<\/em><\/p><p><em><strong>Nivell d&#8217;ensenyament:<\/strong> Batxillerat<\/em><\/p><p><em><strong>Llengua:<\/strong> Angl\u00e8s<\/em><\/p><p><strong>T\u00edtol<\/strong><em><strong>:<\/strong> The slinky seismic waves demo; using slinkies to show <\/em><\/p><p><em>how earthquakes produce P-, S- and surface waves<\/em><\/p><p>Font<em>: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.earthlearningidea.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">www.earthlearningidea.com<\/a><\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-14e185e\" data-id=\"14e185e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-93923b6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"93923b6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>El video utilitza una molla i un sistema de dues molles com a an\u00e0legs del comportament el\u00e0stic de l&#8217;escor\u00e7a terreste per a il\u00b7lustrar les difer\u00e8ncies entre les ones P, S i superficials<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-0283d05 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0283d05\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-ce7adce\" data-id=\"ce7adce\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-74a4237 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"74a4237\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=KZaI4MEWdc4\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"178\" height=\"119\" src=\"https:\/\/sismoiberica.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Imagen8.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-5312\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-9e4c604\" data-id=\"9e4c604\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0e056bc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0e056bc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=KZaI4MEWdc4\" target=\"_blank\">Una molla com a model an\u00e0leg del comportament d'ones P i S'<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8098d82 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8098d82\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em><strong>Durada:<\/strong> 5&#8217;16\u00bb<\/em><\/p><p><em><strong>Nivell d&#8217;ensenyament:<\/strong> Batxillerat<\/em><\/p><p><em><strong>Llengua:<\/strong> Angl\u00e8s<\/em><\/p><p><em>Seismic Slinky &#8211; An analogy for P &amp; S waves (educational)<\/em><\/p><p><em>Roger Groom, Earth science teacher. Mount Taber Middle School 8th grade class<\/em><\/p><p><em>Iris Earthquake Science<\/em><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-89b2880\" data-id=\"89b2880\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-55b5c4b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"55b5c4b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>El v\u00eddeo mostra un experiment a classe en qu\u00e8 s&#8217;utilitza el comportament d&#8217;una molla el\u00e0stica com a an\u00e0leg al comportament de les ones s\u00edsmiques P i S. El model an\u00e0leg il\u00b7lustra caracter\u00edstiques essencials d&#8217;aquests dos tipus d&#8217;ones. Tamb\u00e9 s&#8217;hi comenten i raonen les limitacions del model an\u00e0leg a l&#8217;hora de reflectir les difer\u00e8ncies en la velocitat relativa de les ones P i S.<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Com s\u00f3n les vibracions d&#8217;un terratr\u00e8mol La vibraci\u00f3 del terreny les causen ones el\u00e0stiques, que tamb\u00e9 anomenem ones s\u00edsmiques. La seva descripci\u00f3 i caracteritzaci\u00f3 permet entendre molt millor com s\u00f3n els terratr\u00e8mols. Quan es produeix un terratr\u00e8mol s&#8217;alliberen diversos tipus d&#8217;ones que viatgen a trav\u00e9s de les roques i que es propaguen per la superf\u00edcie, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-5261","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sismoiberica.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5261","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sismoiberica.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sismoiberica.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sismoiberica.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sismoiberica.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5261"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/sismoiberica.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5261\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sismoiberica.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5261"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}